面向公众健康的城市公园景观体验及游憩行为研究

CHEN Zheng, MENG Yu. Pro-health Landscape Experience and Recreational Activities in Urban Parks[J]. Landscape Architecture, 2020, 27(9): 50-56. DOI: 10.14085/j.fjyl.2020.09.0050.07

Citation: CHEN Zheng, MENG Yu. Pro-health Landscape Experience and Recreational Activities in Urban Parks[J]. Landscape Architecture, 2020, 27(9): 50-56. DOI: 10.14085/j.fjyl.2020.09.0050.07

面向公众健康的城市公园景观体验及游憩行为研究

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金（编号 51878461）

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Pro-health Landscape Experience and Recreational Activities in Urban Parks

Tongji University

摘要

摘要: 城市中的绿色开放空间，尤其是公园，是城市居民健康的重要支撑之一。为了解城市居民如何利用绿色开放空间满足自己的健康需求，选取了4个上海城市公园作为研究对象，包括全市性、区域性综合公园和专类公园。调查了公园使用者的健康状况、景观体验需求和游憩行为，并分析了它们之间的关系。研究发现：1）公园使用者主要存在3方面健康问题；2）使用者对绿色开放空间的景观体验需求主要体现为自然和社会2方面；3）调查的绿色开放空间主要涉及四大类游憩活动。通过交叉分析进一步发现有健康问题的居民对于景观体验自然度的需求更高；而且会更倾向于远离社交的低强度、自然游憩活动。在进一步分析的基础上，从公众健康的景观体验和游憩角度对公园设计提出了建议。

Abstract: Urban green open spaces, parks especially, play an important role in promoting the health of urban residents. In order to understand how urban residents use green open spaces to meet their health needs, the study investigated users’ health status and their landscape experience needs, as well as recreational behaviors in four Shanghai urban parks, including comprehensive parks at both the city and local level and a forest park. Then it analyzed the relationship between them. The results indicated that: 1) park users reported three general categories of health problems; 2) there are two major landscape experience needs regarding green open spaces, in the natural and social aspects; 3) the investigated green open spaces mainly involve four types of recreational activities. We found in further interaction analysis that users with health concerns were more likely to prefer natural experience to social experience, and were more likely to engage less in socialized low-intense exercises with higher natural setting. After further analysis of their relevance and possible causes, this paper provides suggestions on park design concerning landscape experience and recreation for better human health.

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