低聚果糖与婴幼儿健康关系的研究进展

    FOS可能发挥一定的抗龋齿作用，因为龋齿多是由于口腔微生物特别是突变链球菌侵蚀引起的，突变链球菌不能利用FOS生成不溶性葡聚糖，无法提供口腔微生物沉积、产酸和腐蚀的场所[33]。此外，有动物实验还发现，在刚离乳大鼠进行添加FOS的喂养干预后，发现可引起胆固醇合成和摄取关键基因的表达下调或增加血红蛋白浓度[9,27]，提示生命早期FOS的干预可能对血脂以及贫血产生近期甚至远期影响。

4 结论

    根据现有研究，FOS对于婴幼儿较为明确的改善以双歧杆菌为代表的肠道菌群、调节胃肠功能作用及良好的耐受性和安全性，使其在优化配方奶粉向母乳接近的道路上意义重大。但同时FOS对于婴幼儿预防感染、过敏等免疫方面的作用尚不明确，关注FOS与婴幼儿钙镁等矿物质吸收相关的及其他潜在健康效应关系的人群研究更是缺乏，也为后续关注FOS与婴幼儿健康的研究提供参考。

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