认知训练对健康老年人认知能力的影响

摘要：

近年来, 认知训练被广泛应用于防治和延缓老年人的认知功能衰退。通过总结近7年(2008~2014年)关于老年人认知功能训练的研究, 比较训练的有效性、训练效果的迁移和保持, 结果表明, 大部分实验都发现了积极的即时训练效果, 训练效果得到保持的研究以认知控制和综合认知能力训练为主; 大部分的迁移都集中在与流体智力联系较密切的认知功能如工作记忆和注意力等上; 部分研究探索了认知功能提升的大脑神经可塑性基础。未来研究应进一步将行为训练与神经测量手段相结合考察训练效果的迁移与保持, 更加注重个体差异的影响, 并深入考察认知训练对日常生活能力的迁移。

关键词: 认知干预, 健康老年人, 训练效果, 迁移

Abstract:

Cognitive training has been widely used to delay age related cognitive decline in recent years. By collecting studies published between January 2008 and December 2014, we qualitatively examined the improvement of the performance on training tasks and the near and far transfer effects of cognitive training on healthy older adults. We found that most of the experiments revealed positive effects on training tasks. Moreover, the majority of the experiments which had reported maintenance of the training effect were based on cognitive control training or comprehensive cognitive training. Futhermore, most of the transfer effects were obtained in fluid intelligence related processes such as working memory and attention. By employing neuroimaging techniques, training related structural and functional changes were found, indicating neural plasticity mechanisms in cognitive training. Future studies should combine behavioral and neural indices to comprehensively test whether the efficacy and transfer effects of cognitive training could be applied/ transferred to daily life function in healthy older adults, and investigate the modulation or mediation effect of individual differences (e.g., trainability) on cognitive training.

Key words: cognitive training, healthy older adults, training effect, transfer effect

相关知识

音乐训练对认知能力的影响
从虚拟到现实：老年VR康复训练系统助力认知功能训练
社区康复入驻智能设备，加力健康桌面认知训练助力中老人认知提升
感统训练对于儿童认知发展有何影响？带你认识感统训练
自我认知力对健康的影响
认知训练中国指南（2022年版）
儿童感统认知训练，加力健康智能感统认知训练系统
老年心理的认知关怀.docx
认知和大脑可塑性：工作记忆训练对儿童的影响
认知功能障碍的康复训练

网址: 认知训练对健康老年人认知能力的影响 https://www.trfsz.com/newsview488364.html