妊娠期糖尿病孕妇血糖管理决策行为及影响因素的研究

摘要：

目的 了解妊娠期糖尿病（gestational diabetes mellitus,GDM）孕妇血糖管理决策行为现况并探讨其影响因素。 方法 采用便利抽样法,于2019年9月—2020年7月采用一般资料调查表、GDM血糖管理保护动机问卷、GDM血糖管理知识问卷和GDM血糖管理决策行为问卷对上海市和江苏省6所医院的1 127例GDM孕妇进行调查。 结果 GDM孕妇的血糖管理决策行为问卷得分为 （69.30±6.85）分,处于高水平。多元线性回归分析结果表明,孕周、严重性、易感性、反应效能、自我效能、反应代价是GDM孕妇血糖管理决策行为的影响因素（P<0.05）。 结论 临床护理人员应增强GDM孕妇血糖管理的保护动机,尤其是处于孕晚期的孕妇,通过提高GDM孕妇对疾病严重性及血糖管理不良行为易感性的认知,并激励孕妇在血糖管理过程中的反应效能和自我效能,减少血糖管理中可能的障碍因素,以改善孕妇血糖管理决策行为。

关键词: 妊娠期糖尿病, 保护动机, 血糖管理, 决策行为, 影响因素, 护理

Abstract:

Objective To describe the status of blood glucose management decision-making behavior of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus（GDM）and to explore its influencing factors. Methods A total of 1 127 pregnant women with GDM from 6 hospitals in Shanghai and Jiangsu province were investigated with the blood glucose management protection motivation questionnaire,knowledge questionnaire,decision-making behavior questionnaire and general information questionnaire. Results The score of decision-making behavior in blood glucose management of pregnant women with GDM was 69.30±6.85,which is at a high level. Gestational age,vulnerability,severity,response efficacy,self-efficacy and response costs were influencing factors of blood glucose management decision-making behavior in pregnant women with GDM（P<0.05）. Conclusion Nursing professionals should strengthen GDM pregnant women’s protection motivation of blood glucose management,especially for women who during the third trimester. This study suggested that GDM women’s decision-making behavior of blood glucose management could be improved through increasing patient’s cognition of disease severity and vulnerability,enhancing response efficacy and self-efficacy,and reducing response costs.

Key words: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Protection Motivation, Blood Glucose Management, Decision-Making Behavior, Influencing Factors, Nursing Care

相关知识

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