维生素与免疫系统健康

摘要: 维持免疫系统健康是有效的抗感染手段之一。实践证明，除疫苗接种、药物治疗及非药物干预之外，膳食营养及心理健康也是维持免疫系统健康，抗击新发和突发感染的关键因素。维生素作为主要膳食营养素，是免疫应答的调节因子，对人体免疫力的影响至关重要。缺乏维生素会引起体内炎症水平增加，免疫力降低等情况，往往最先发生在口腔组织。补充适当的维生素可以帮助机体改善免疫功能，增强口腔免疫，降低病原体感染对机体的影响，这是一种可行性和有效性皆具的通用抗感染方案。本文重点综述了维生素A、B、C、D和E的免疫调节作用，为突破传统单因子单通路的研究局限，利用组学研究进行全方位的维生素免疫调控及抗感染的基础和应用研究提供方向。

关键词: 维生素  /  免疫力  /  感染  

Abstract: Keeping the immune system healthy forms an effective way to fight infections. Past experience has shown that, in addition to effective interventions including vaccination, drug therapy, and non-pharmaceutical intervention (NPI), dietary nutrition and mental health are also key factors in maintaining immune system health and combating emerging and sudden outbreaks of infections. As the main dietary nutrients, vitamins are active regulators of the immune response and exert a critical impact on the immunity of the human body. Vitamin deficiency causes increased levels of inflammation and decreased immunity, which usually starts in the oral tissues. Appropriate vitamin supplementation can help the body optimize immune function, enhance oral immunity, and reduce the negative impact of pathogen infection on the human body, which makes it a feasible, effective, and universally applicable anti-infection solution. This review focuses on the immunomodulatory effects of vitamin A, B, C, D, and E and proposes that an omics-based new systemic approach will lead to a breakthrough of the limitations in traditional single-factor single-pathway research and provide the direction for the basic and applied research of vitamin immune regulation and anti-infection in all aspects.

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